Atom lub cząsteczka mająca nadmiar lub niedomiar elektronów w stosunku do atomu lub cząsteczki elektrycznie obojętnej. Dodatni jon atomowy o najwyższym stopniu jonizacji powstaje wówczas, gdy atom zostanie pozbawiony wszystkich elektronów i pozostanie jedynie jądro atomowe. Jony powstają w procesie jonizacji lub dysocjacji elektrolitycznej.
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